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color difference
The difference or distance between two colors is a metric of interest in color science. It allows quantified examination of a notion that formerly could only be described with adjectives. Quantification of these properties is of great importance to those whose work is color critical. Common definitions make use of the Euclidean distance in a device independent color space.
==Delta E==
The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) calls their distance metric (also called , , , or "Delta E") where delta is a Greek letter often used to denote difference, and E stands for ''Empfindung''; German for "sensation". Use of this term can be traced back to the influential Hermann von Helmholtz and Ewald Hering.
Different studies have proposed different values that have a JND (just noticeable difference). Unempirically, a value of '1.0' is often mentioned, but in a recent study, Mahy et al. (1994) assessed a JND of . However, perceptual non-uniformities in the underlying CIELAB color space prevent this and have led to the CIE's refining their definition over the years, leading to the superior (as recommended by the CIE) 1994 and 2000 formulas.〔Real World Color Management, Second Edition (Bruce Fraser)〕 These non-uniformities are important because the human eye is more sensitive to certain colors than others. A good metric should take this into account in order for the notion of a "just noticeable difference" to have meaning. Otherwise, a certain that may be insignificant between two colors that the eye is insensitive to may be conspicuous in another part of the spectrum.〔(Evaluation of the CIE Color Difference Formulas )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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